Passenger-to-Freighter Conversion (P2F) refers to the process of modifying a passenger aircraft to carry cargo instead. This involves converting the interior of the plane to accommodate freight, which can include installing cargo nets, removing seats, and reinforcing the floor to handle heavy cargo. The conversion process can be complex and requires significant modifications to the aircraft's structure, systems, and avionics. Conversions are typically performed on older passenger aircraft that are no longer economically viable for passenger service, but still have a significant amount of life left in their airframes. By converting these planes to freighters, airlines and cargo operators can breathe new life into the aircraft and extend their useful lifespan.

The P2F conversion process involves several steps, including:

1. Removal of passenger seats, galleys, and lavatories
2. Installation of cargo nets and tie-down systems
3. Reinforcement of the floor and cargo door to handle heavy cargo
4. Modification of the aircraft's electrical and avionics systems
5. Installation of cargo handling systems, such as cargo rollers and winches

Conversions can be performed by the aircraft's manufacturer or by specialized conversion companies. The cost of a P2F conversion can vary widely, depending on the type of aircraft, the extent of the modifications, and the contractor performing the work.

P2F conversions offer a cost-effective way for airlines to sell and cargo operators to acquire freighter aircraft, and can help to extend the life of older passenger planes.